The 5G mobile network has been switched on in various cities around the world and has led to questions about whether the new technology causes human health risks. As with previous cellular technologies, 5G networks rely on signals carried by radio waves – part of the electromagnetic spectrum – transmitted between an antenna and our phone.
In practical life we are surrounded by electromagnetic radiation all the time. From television signal to mobile phone signal and radio signals, as well as from a whole range of technologies, including mobile phones, and from natural sources such as sunlight.
5G uses higher frequency waves than older mobile networks, allowing more devices to have access to the internet at the same time and at faster internet speeds.
The electromagnetic waves from all cell phone systems, including 5G systems, cause zero harm to humans. All cell phones and cell phone towers use radio waves to communicate. Radio waves have been in use for wireless communications for over a hundred years with no credible evidence of adverse health effects on human being.
The radio waves from cell phones do not mutate DNA, do not damage cells and do not interfere with biological functions. Furthermore, all objects naturally emit radio waves as part of their regular thermal emission. The radio waves emitted by a cell phone are physically no different from the radio waves continuously emitted by rocks, trees, desks and all other physical objects around us. We are continuously immersed in radio waves emitted by rocks, trees, dirt, buildings, pencils, watermelons, physics professors, etc.
How ever there are few ways that electromagnetic radiation can damage biological tissues, cells, and function in the human body through ionization events and bulk heating.
An ionization event happens when electromagnetic radiation knocks an electron from an atom or molecule ad that potentially breaks chemical bonds or create reactive ions. This ionization event leads to mutations, cancer or tissue damage. Only ionizing radiation, such as high-frequency ultraviolet rays, x-rays, and gamma rays, has sufficient energy to cause ionization events.
But radio waves donot have sufficient amount of energy per photon for such ionization event. This meaning that, they cause no atomic or molecular ionization events. As a result, there are no radiation-safety protocols required for exposure to radio waves, akin to listening to FM radio in a car safely.
Bulk heating is another way electromagnetic radiation can affect biological tissues; it requires high total intensity rather than high energy per photon. All electromagnetic radiation, including radio waves, can cause bulk heating, exemplified by microwaves heating food without inducing ionization.
However, radio waves need very high energy to cause burns. The common radio wave emissions from devices like cell phones or Wi-Fi are too weak to produce this effect. Most burns that individuals experience are unrelated to radio waves. The emissions from 5G network systems are negligible compared to existing radio waves.
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Non-ionizing radiation can only induce bulk heating not molecular or cellular changes. While biological matter does interact electromagnetically, that interaction is distinct from radio frequencies.
So, The Claim that we often hear that 5G is uniquely dangerous to the human health. But this claim are not supported by current scientific researches. There are not any proof or evidences of that, but more long-term research is ongoing as with any new technology.